Assuming the fluid phase is incompressible, :math:`\frac{D \rho_g}{Dt} = 0`, the conservation of fluid mass is equivalent to the conservation of fluid volume:
where :math:`\sum_p \beta_p (V_p - U_g)` is the drag term in which :math:`V_p` represents the particle velocity and :math:`\beta_p` is the drag coefficient associated with that particle